Text 15

sarira-van-manobhir yat
karma prarabhate narah
nyayyam va viparitam va
pancaite tasya hetavah

Translation

Whatever right or wrong action a man performs by body, mind or speech is caused by these five factors. 

Commentary by Srila Prabhupada 

The words “right” and “wrong” are very significant in this verse. Right work is work done in terms of the prescribed directions in the scriptures, and wrong work is work done against the principles of the scriptural injunctions. But whatever is done requires these five factors for its complete performance.

Commentary by Sri Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakur

Actions are of three types: physical, vocal and mental. These are all of two types: following dharma (nyayam) or not following dharma (viparitam). The five are causes of all these actions.